Budidaya Pare
Catatan Ringan. Pare (Momordica charantia) merupakan tanaman setahun yang merambat. Batangnya kecil, panjang dan kuat. Daun menjari, beraroma spesifik dan tidak sedap. Buah pare berbentuk lonjong dan bergerigi, berwarna hijau waktu muda dan kuning setelah masak dengan bijinya berwarna merah.
Buah pare banyak mengandung vitamin A, vitamin B dan vitamib C, rasanya pahit kebanyakan dikonsumsi sebagai sayuran. Buah pare juga banyak dipakai orang sebagai obat demam malaria. Daunnya juga dipakai sebagai jamu untuk pembersih darah. Sayuran pare juga dipercaya sebagai penurun kadar gula darah penderita diabetes.
Beberapa jenis pare adalah:
Pare hijau, buahnya lonjong, kecil dan berwarna hijau, kulit buahnya berbintil kecil dan rasanya pahit.
Pare ular atau pare belut, buahnya berwarna hijau tua, kulit buah tidak berbintil, rasanya tidak begitu pahit, bentuk buahnya bulat panjang sampai 60 cm.
Tanaman pare cocok di tanam di daerah dataran rendah, misalnya di tegalan atau di pekarangan. Tanah yang cocok adalah tanah gembur, banyak humus, pH 5-6. Tidak memerlukan banyak sinar matahari, dapat tumbuh baik di naungan.
Pare di kembangbiakkan dengan bijinya. Tanah tanpa dicangkul tapi dibuat lubang dengan diameter 30 cm dan kedalaman 20 cm. Lubang diisi dengan pupuk kandang atau kompos sebanyak 1 kg dan dicampur dengan abu dapur dan tanah gembur. Setiap lubang ditanam 2-3 biji benih pare, biji akan tumbuh setelah 4-7 hari. Jarak tanam sekitar 60 cm.
Setelah tanaman setinggi 50 cm siap dibuatkan ajir atau dengan para-para setinggi 1 m untuk menjalarnya tanaman pare.
Pupuk organik bisa diberikan saat tanaman berusia 1 bulan berupa Urea TSP dan KCl dengan perbandingan 1:2:2 sebanyak 15 gram per tanaman. Pada usia tanam 1,5 bulan mulai bermunculan bunga betina yang akan jadi buah.
Perawatan yang penting adalah penyiraman sesuai kondisi kekeringan lahan dan penyiangan gulma. Buah muda lebih bagus dibungkus dengan kertas untuk menghindari serangan hama seperti lalat buah (Dacus cucurbetacia sp).
Panen buah pertama sekitar usia tanam 2,5 bulan, buah yang terlambat dipanen tidak dimakan.
loh punya banyak vitamin juga toh pare ini, padahal aku g suka..pahet bangett haha
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